B1 (Thiamin)

Micronutrient Role
Coenzyme
Metabolism of Carbs, amino acids and fatty acids
Membrane and Nerve conduction- transmits nerve impulses with sodium channels
Synthesis of ATP
GTP
Nucleic Acids
NADP
Mitochondrial reactions

Recommended intake
Females- 1.1 mg
Males-1.2 mg

Deficiency
Dry Beriberi (Nervous, burning feet, abnormal reflexes, decrease sensation)
Wet Beriberi (Cardiac compromise)
Cerebral Beriberi- (Abnormal eye movement, stance and gait, mental function)
Gastrointestinal Beriberi- accumulation of lactate (lactic acidosis): nausea, vomiting, severe abdominal pain
Chronic alcohol consumption is leading cause of deficiency
Increased requirement if you experience strenuous physical exertion,fever, pregnancy, breast-feeding, adolescent growth, Malaria, HIV/AIDS, excessive weight loss

Disease Prevention/Treatment
Cataracts
Alzheimer’s
Congestive Heart
Failure
Cancer
Diabetes Mellitus
Vascular Complications
Metabolic Diseases
Thiamin responsive megaloblastic anemia
Biotin responsive
Basal Ganglia Disease

Nutrient Interaction
Magnesium needs to be present in supplementation of B1
ALA- can be more toxic in B1 deficiency
Drug interactions
Anticonvulsants
Oral contraceptives
Diuretics

Recommended Foods
Plants- Free Form
* do NOT overheat legumes, beans, rice, wheat pork, nuts, spinach, orange, cantaloupe
Animal- 95% phosphorylated